INTRODUCTION TO ASTRONOMY/ASTROPHYSICS
SCI 201 -
THE MILKY WAY as seen FROM MARS
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BRING A SCIENTIFIC CALCULATOR UNIT 1= tour of the class - distance and time in the Universe INTRO to the class : video: stars of the universe: grand tour - watch the whole movie. (20 minutes) lecture 1 notes scale universe distance planets in AUS + slide scale in the Universe from my computer: - INTRO to the class : video: stars of the universe: grand tour - watch the whole movie. (20 minutes) -see the biggest star known to man - video light years, milky way .. intro EArth in the Universe (Britannica) - video expanding universe part 1 - video the known universe from natural museum - video biggest star known - video Charles and Ray Eames Powers of 10 ) or a new version made by Alex Fillipenko in Understanding the Universe other links: image: Andromeda is 2 1/2 million light years away. 100,000 light year across/ merger between 2 galaxies Andromeda + milky way / brief tour of Universe video short movie scale in the Universe relative size of planets and stars (images) / applet scale in the Universe /scale in the univerese online applet / other java applet for scale in the universe / applet expansion of Universe raisin / How to find distance of objects. to be studied later / large scale structure in the Universe / time scale / History of the Universe / video how big object can get in space/ |
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LAB1: parallax and scale solar system slides website: understanding parallax see movie from folder lecture 9  |
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Kepler's 3rd law, angular distance  p orbital period, a orbital distance. in most cases: Mstar >> Mplanet |
UNIT2 = brief history LAB2 video history of Astronomy with Bill Nye + QUIZ (week 1) How Tycho really died ? lecture2 notes part1 lecture part II 2 videos: 2 big bang and 1 einstein |
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UNIT3 = Keplers laws LAB3 Kepler and the orbit of Mars (hand-out) intro slides Kepler law's / newton's unification kepler's 2nd law polar graph what happen if you forget Newton's laws in space.  |
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| UNIT4=constellations, star locator LAB4 : star and planet locator +.. slides applet: constellation earth seasons seasons equinox zodiac constellations constellation 3 seasons celestial sphere location of stars celestial sphere seasons applet seasons Sun path phases of the Moon applet (source here: phases applet) latitude applet celestial sphere zenith ecliptic applets to look at planet location by constellation more |
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adaptive optics EM spectrum |
UNIT 5 : optics and telescopes, the tools of astronomy lecture3 notes see video from streaming discovery (2) hubble telescope pillars of creaction jupiter triple eclipse twinkling of stars applet refracting telescope applet lens applet reflecting telescope applet refracting telescope (more about telescopes) video Golden Eye radio telescope understand nearsighted/farsighted converging lens largest telescopes lab5 telescope |
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solar system  |
UNIT 6 : solar system an overview and formation - lecture 4 notes movie=Earth science/solar system, from discovery channel 20 recycling solar eclipse why venus and uranus weird lunar eclipse tilt of the Earth/seasons tides spring tides /neap tides source formation of the solar system nebula hypothesis 1 part2 planets, comets and other debris. excellent artist's review of planets planets more info rotation of Venus NEAR landing on EROS Asteroid Ida and its moon Io made of pizza ?highly volcanic sulfur spew out Europa oxygen atmosphere, liquid slushy water under ice, life? ganymede (third moon) Callisto the most cratered moon. very old saturn rings Titan, SAturn moon has methane lakes and rain or drizzle of methane only object suspected to have liquid on its surface video on Titan Enceladus SAturn moon. water geyser, thin crust easy to dig, ice and water. life ? Enceladus active geyser of water maybe life The planet Uranus was discovered by William Herschel on March 13, 1781 / Neptune Discovered by, Johann Gotfried Galle. September 23, 1846 mimas, death star ? Uranus moon Miranda and FRankenstein Uranus moon uranus orbit Triton moon of Neptune ice volcanoes RECENT NEWS: mission DAWN around the 330 miles asteriod VESTA. ext stop: CERES (dwarf planet) lab 6 Eratosthenes with: video Carl Sagan video2 to watch before labs optional: size of the Sun |
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UNIT 7 catastrophic collision
lecture 5 note huge asteroid being watched here too death of dinosaurs. oort cloud and scattered disk kuiper belt eris orbit eris compared to Pluto and moon. Eris was called Xena and its moon gabrielle. they changed to Eris and dysmonia peekskill meteorite (meteoroids = space, meteor=shooting star, meteorite) , meteor crater, from asteroid belt yucattan peninsula chicxulub cater extinction video shoemaker comet toyota commercial meteor crater preventing collision lab= video NOVA deep space from universe |
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 EM spectrm EM spectrum3 EM spectrum |
UNIT 8: light , electromagnetism spectrum (not in the book) lecture6 notes visual spectrum of objects explore the EM applet very good 2 movies from discovery NASAmissions groovy movie from NASA (see my folder) list of NASAmissions more an EM waves properties light is made of photons (individual photons collect in the pin hole camera) orion in different wavelengths |
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UNIT 9 :
atoms and starlight, spectra = fingerprints of atoms- spectroscopy lecture7 notes emission lines vs absorption lines movie spectroscopy Bill Nye (2:45) (signature of atoms 3 minutes) spectra of some atoms see video 27:10 fingerprints of atoms from the serie " understanding the Universe " by Alex Filippenko, TTC publisher see movie youtube on spectrum ofthe stars. hydrogen and helium spectra excellent applet to understand absorption lines emission lines emission lines per element and here too ====================================== applet blackbody/appearance Power vs T applet BB radiation, absorption lines applet black body applet absorption lines + BB radiation -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- the physics behind it : levels of energy bohr model/absorption lines another animation hydrogen atom + excellent websit LAB 7 emission spectra |
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UNIT 10: What are the stellar parameters ? How did we derive them ? how to use them ? HR diagram = classify the stars (info about life cycle, mass, luminosity, temperature, size) doppler shift = apparent shift in frequency due to relative motion of objects. black body curve = temperature, color, luminosity, binary star = mass, mass = size mass = life cycle, Luminosity + brightness = distance (using standard candles) or distance can be found using parallax or using Hubble's law. lecture8 notes doppler effect doppler effect funny video doppler very good : understanding the universe #38:the quest for extra solar planet .../13.35 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- applet inverse square law inverse square law magnitude scale applet luminosity versus temperature and size ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- H-R diagram how a cluster evolves with time applet binary star applet binary systen and see saw applet binay stars binary star (sirius) more on binary stars more on binary systems study guide: how to compute masses of stars in binary system lab8: The inverse square law |
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UNIT 11: How to find distances of distant stars , the distance ladder, Hubble'slaw lecture9 notes absolute magnitude / apparent magnitude cepheid stars how to find distance video (story of Henrietta Leavitt) video: variable stars cepheid stars animation cepheid stars another video (story) nice video why the sky is black see video Hubble's law raisin bread applet expanding universe Vesto Slipher from Lowell Observatory , Az was the first one to observe the redshifts (not Hubble) Lemaitre is the one who made the connection expansion-Big Bang (not Hubble) Henritta Leavitt is the one who discovered that cepheid variables can be used as standard candles (used by Hubble) lab: cepheid variables |
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UNIT 12 : The Sun lecture10 notes see videos first movie 2: Nemesis from discovery channel see videos too photos of Sun in x-rays, UV .. chromosphere photosphere video: sunspots: from GAlileo to SOHO video SOHO/TRACE corona explosion Sun rotating solar prominence solar flare2 Nemesis an " evil twin" video. (Dr. Richard Muller developed this theory) video magnetic field of the sun GREAT MOVIE great photos and animations video: stars of the universe: the Sun (streaming discovery 20mn) coronal mass ejection prominence website for more fusion (source of energy of the future?) LAB9: Sun |
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| exoplanets wobble of a star circular motion wobble of a star ellipical motion applet binay stars binary system  |
UNIT 13: extra solar planets/exoplanets first extrasolar planet : 1992 , 3 object EArth like masses orbiting a pulsar (from a supernova debris) 1995: first planet orbiting a star called 51 Pegasi . by Astronomers Michel Mayor and Didier Queloz confirmed by Geoffrey W. Marcy and Paul Butter of San Francisco University. See video 4:26 wobbling. 15:30 doppler effect graphs.28:23 list lecture 11 notes Very nice intro movie list of planets orbit exoplanet slides earth like planet planet seemed right for life 2012 planet disovered - suitable for life The extra solar planet encyclopaedia transit of Venux 2004 video to watch: Xplanets another video more on this website lab 10 : exoplanet |
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4forces bindingenergy |
UNIT 14 : age of stars lecture12 animation;: from protostar to main sequence fusion reaction in stars fusion H-R diagram how a cluster evolves with time evolution with time globular cluster, SONG , formation: movie videos from discovery about lifle cycles of stars |
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| website: life of star stellar evolution poster deathofstars fusion shells really small stars (less then 0.4 Msun) fusion shells small stars (the sun up to 8 Ms. for M>1.5Ms it's the CNO cyle and not the pp cycle) between 4Ms and 8Ms. oxygen/ magnesium/neon core fusion shells big stars (larger then 10Ms. ) for M <0.08 Ms we have a brown dwarf  clik |
UNIT 15 fate of our Sun from a white star to red giant to white dwarf , fate of other stars lecutre 13 notes from Sun to white dwarf lecture 13 Part II evolution of sun artist's view = what will happen to earth red giant red giant=cosmic burp, exploxion red giant Sun see videos from discovery ----------------------------------supernova type IA supernova neutron star video explosion supernovae I video remnants of supernovae another TYPEI video supernovae type IA supernova explosion animation video video ping pong on basket ball neutron stars article neutron star detected/gamma burst  |
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universe is expanding |
black holes
black hole, black hole jets, animation wrapping of space-time worm hole, inside a black hole photos of black holes !! news lab 11: video: black hole : the ultimate abyss QUIZ  |
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galaxies and cosmology (in construction) slides cosmology from book cosmic perspective galaxies milky way, milky way constellation, , milky way, cluster of galaxies milky way from Bolivie source: webiste cosmic background radiation big blang (Michio kaku) , big bang gravitational lensing
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introductory